chromogranin A

Elevated circulating levels of chromogranin A (CgA) are found in the neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), but diagnostic usefulness of this marker is still debatable...

..Using morphometric analysis of immunoperoxidase anti-chromogranin A stained sections, a dose-related and time-dependent neuroendocrine ECL-cell hyperplasia was correlated with ..

..Similar to chromogranin A (CGA), which had been shown to undergo pH- and Ca(2+)-dependent conformational changes and to be composed of ..

A novel fragment of chromogranin A, known as 'catestatin' (bovine chromogranin A344-364), inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist, and ..

..Mechanism-wise GPX3 down-regulation in gastric cancer is due to promoter hypermethylation. Collectively, these results show a correct identification of 8 genes as gastric cancer biomarkers...

..The antigenic epitope of BDC2.5 TCR is absent in β cells that do not express chromogranin A (ChgA) protein. However, characterization of the BDC2.5 epitope in ChgA has given inconclusive results...

Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), synaptophysin (SYPT), and chromogranin A (CGA) are immunohistochemical markers for diagnosing lung neuroendocrine tumors (LNETs)...

..to a GC-rich element at -92/-62 has been identified as a critical step in gastrin-dependent regulation of the chromogranin A (CgA) gene in gastric epithelial cells...

Our previous work revealed that gastrin regulates chromogranin A (CgA) transcription through enhanced binding of Sp1, CREB and Egr-1 to a proximal gastrin-responsive promoter element (Gas-RE)...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is transported restrictedly to secretory granules in neuroendocrine cells. In addition to pH- and Ca(2+)-dependent aggregation, CgA is known to bind to a number of vesicle matrix proteins...

The primary structure of a novel human chromogranin A-derived tetradecapeptide, WE-14, possessing N-terminal tryptophanyl (W) and C-terminal glutamyl (E) residues was isolated from a hepatic metastasis of an human ileal carcinoid tumour...

The plasma level of chromogranin A (CgA) is elevated in genetic hypertension...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is a neuroendocrine protein that undergoes proteolytic cleavage in secretory granules...

..This study aimed at evaluating the clinical usefulness of CgA as a neuroendocrine (NE) serum-marker...

The secretory prohormone chromogranin A (CHGA) is overexpressed in essential hypertension, a complex trait with genetic predisposition, while its catecholamine release-inhibitory fragment catestatin is diminished, and low catestatin ..

Elevated levels of circulating chromogranin A (CgA), a protein stored in the secretory granules of many neuroendocrine cells and neurons, have been detected in the blood of patients with neuroendocrine tumors or heart failure...

We analyzed the incidence of elevated serum levels of chromogranin A (CgA) (as marker of neuroendocrine activity) in nonmetastatic and metastatic prostate cancer populations.

b>Chromogranin A is released together with epinephrine and norepinephrine from catecholaminergic cells...

b>Chromogranin A (CHGA) is stored and released from the same secretory vesicles that contain catecholamines in chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA), the major soluble protein in catecholamine storage vesicles, serves as a prohormone that is cleaved into bioactive peptides that inhibit catecholamine release, providing an autocrine, negative feedback mechanism for ..

Circulating chromogranin A (CgA) levels, a marker for neuroendocrine tumors including carcinoids, have recently been found elevated in some patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), although their significance is unclear...

b>Chromogranin A, although it exhibits limitations, is currently the most useful general tumor biomarker available for use in the diagnosis and management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)...

To evaluate the significance of plasma chromogranin A (CgA) levels in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET) in terms of disease status and treatment responses.

..has been observed in some tumor cells within some hepatocellular carcinoma nodules and elevated serum chromogranin A also been reported in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma...

..b>Chromogranin A (CgA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are considered general biomarkers of these tumors.

We aimed to determine whether the common variation at the chromogranin A (CHGA) locus increases susceptibility to hypertension.

..b>Chromogranin A (CHGA) regulates the storage and release of catecholamines and may have direct actions on the microvasculature...

..Circulating CgA levels were shown to reflect neuroendocrine differentiation and were found to correlate with the stage and the ..

..To gain further insights into its biological functions, we suppressed Pdcd4 expression in the neuroendocrine cell line Bon-1 via siRNA (small interfering RNA) technology...

A full-length clone encoding human chromogranin A has been isolated from a lambda gt10 cDNA library of a human pheochromocytoma...

The phenotype of the chromogranin A (Chga) null (knockout) mouse is hypertensive. However, hypertensive humans and spontaneously hypertensive rats display elevated CHGA expression...

b>Chromogranin A (CHGA), a protein released from secretory granules of chromaffin cells and sympathetic nerves, triggers endothelin-1 release from endothelial cells...

..b>Chromogranin A (CHGA) regulates catecholamine storage and release through intracellular (vesiculogenic) and extracellular (..

..This study was undertaken to assess the prognostic role of tissue chromogranin A (CgA) expression in patients addressed to ADT as opposed to those who did not.

The catecholamine release-inhibitor catestatin and its precursor chromogranin A (CHGA) may constitute "intermediate phenotypes" in the analysis of genetic risk for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension...

..Here, we characterize a large natural fragment, corresponding to chromogranin A 79-431, that inhibits growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria...

Vasostatins (VSs) are vasoactive peptides derived from chromogranin A (CgA), a protein contained in secretory granules of chromaffin and other cells...

..We examined the secretion of chromogranin A and chromogranin A + B by hormone-producing tumors in patients with endocrine pancreatic tumors (EPT), ..

..In the adult rat adrenal the cytoplasm of all medullary chromaffin cells showed a positive response with chromogranin A and B; in each case occasional groups of cells with a low reactivity that may have been NA cells were seen...

..2, CEA, chromogranin A, and calcitonin...

..Plasma chromogranin A + B was elevated in 94%, serum pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in 74%, plasma neurotensin in 67% and serum gastrin ..

..This observation correlated to positive immunostaining to chromogranin A and synaptophysin...

..We have recently reported that the absence of chromogranin A (CgA) caused important changes in the accumulation and in the exocytosis of catecholamines (CAs) using a CgA-..

..5, chromogranin A, calcitonin, and Ki-67 (MIB-1); the mesenchymal cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, actin, cytokeratins, ..

The primary structure of chromogranin A indicates multiple domains which might be subject to posttranslational modification...

..gastric carcinoids are endocrine in nature, as evidenced by their argyrophilic staining properties and chromogranin A content...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA) and chromogranin B (CgB) are acidic proteins stored in and released from hormone granules in endocrine and neuroendocrine tissue...

..Chromaffin cells from Chga null mice [chromogranin A knock-out (CgA-KO)] exhibited approximately 30% reduction in the content and in the release of catecholamines ..

..such as the argyrophil reaction of Grimelius and immunohistochemistry with application of antibodies against chromogranin A and of neuron-specific enolase are discriminatory staining methods which are used to reveal the neuroendocrine ..

..To determine whether these IP(3)Rs interact with CGA and CGB, each IP(3)R isoform was co-transfected with CGA or CGB into NIH3T3 or COS-7 cells, and the expressed IP(3)..

Chromogranin-A (CgA) is the most distributed member of the granin family...

Chromogranins A and B (CGA and CGB) are high capacity, low affinity calcium (Ca2+) storage proteins found in many cell types most often associated with secretory granules of secretory cells but also with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ..

..They are found in secretory vesicles throughout the neuroendocrine system. Chromogranin A (CgA) is the main component...

..In our previous study, chromogranin A (CGA) was shown to interact with several secretory granule membrane proteins, including the IP(3) receptor (IP(..

..H-ras codon 61 CGA mutation (6/24, 25%) was also detected in ADBAQ-induced forestomach squamous cell carcinomas...

..In parallel, chromaffin cells were characterized by immunohistochemical staining for chromogranin A, the major soluble protein in adrenal chromaffin granules...

..In addition, the codon of arginine (R) of all the strains is CGA instead of AGA...

..from each group was further investigated by meal-stimulation of gastrin secretion and quantitative morphometry for CgA positive gastric body endocrine cells. Results: AGCH patients showed only the normal or simple hyperplasia pattern...

..neoplastic cells diffusely stained with anti-vimentin antibodies and were focally positive for chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, lysozyme, and cytokeratins AE1/AE3...

..Histologic sections of glandular stomach, stained for chromogranin A, were evaluated by image analysis to determine stomach mucosal thickness, mucosal and nonmucosal (submucosa ..

..small bowel mucosa was processed using seven different methods for subsequent postembedding localization of chromogranin A. In addition, several archival cases of neuroendocrine tumors previously fixed and routinely embedded for ..

..Their neuroendocrine differentiations were confirmed by the use of immunostainings with chromogranin A and synaptophysin...

..panel of primary antibodies used included vimentin, MIC-2, NSE, S-100 protein, leu7, neurofilaments, GFAP, and chromogranin A. Cases were considered undifferentiated when neural markers were absent, poorly differentiated if one neural ..

..Although dense-core granules were demonstrated ultrastructurally in some neuroblasts, no immunostaining for chromogranin A, Leu-7, serotonin, or regulatory peptides was found...

..neuronal phenotype of the cultured cells, as evidenced by the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and chromogranin A + B...

..microscopy can improve localization of neurosecretory granules, postembedding immunolabelling for chromogranin A was performed on 15 examples of small cell anaplastic (neuroendocrine) carcinomas primary in lung, five cases ..

..ECL) cells of the oxyntic mucosa (fundus) of the stomach produce, store and secrete histamine, chromogranin A-derived peptides such as pancreastatin, and an unanticipated but as yet unidentified peptide hormone...

Gastrin and pancreastatin-like immunoreactivity were determined by radioimmunoassay methods and chromogranin A was determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay in sera from 18 patients with gastrinomas (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome) and in 20 ..

..Its low malignant potential compared to ductal adenocarcinoma is reflected in the mean nuclear volume and volume-corrected mitotic index. The presence of estrogen receptors may prove therapeutically useful...

..by using routine neuroendocrinal markers, such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin (SYN), chromogranin A (CgA)...

..Among 33 pts with ZES, we present in this study 11 pts with ZES and MEN-1 syndrome, describing our diagnostic and therapeutic approach...

ECL cells produce histamine and chromogranin A, and are restricted to the oxyntic mucosa of the stomach. ECL cell ontogeny has been studied in some detail in the rat...

..soluble and membrane-bound GST activity by the safener benoxacor, the herbicide metolachlor and their combination (CGA-180937) were investigated...

We evaluated the pattern of chromogranin A (CgA) plasma levels in a large number of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), in a series of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with and without enterochromaffin-like (ECL) ..

..The aim of this study was to identify the effect of long-term gastric acid suppression on the gastric peptides levels, such as gastrin, chromogranin A, or ghrelin.

..3%) and CG-negative (30%) tumors. CONCLUSIONS: CG expression cannot, at present, be recommended as a marker to identify prognostic subgroups in colorectal cancer patients...

..In this paper we report on the release to the culture medium of neuroendocrine associated proteins, chromogranin A and B like activity (CABLA)...

In cultured cells and isolated perfused organs, catecholamines are coreleased with chromogranin A (CgA) from adrenal chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons...

..in surface water from eight ponds, three in a non-corn-growing area (NCGA) and five within the corn-growing area (CGA). Measured atrazine concentrations differed significantly among sites and between samples...

..The endocrine markers chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase were positive in chief cells; sustentacular cells at the periphery of neoplastic ..

..It is derived by proteolytic processing from chromogranin A, an acidic protein component of secretory granules in endocrine and neuronal cells...

..diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are significantly improved by the introduction of the chromogranin A (CgA) assay in plasma or serum as a tumor marker, and by the use of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) ..

The prognostic role of plasma chromogranin A in patients with neuroendocrine tumors is unclear...

As circulating chromogranin A (CgA) has been claimed to be the best general neuroendocrine marker so far available, we evaluated the usefulness of CgA determination in the clinical assessment of patients with sporadic gastro-entero-..

..Moreover, it was presumed that chromogranin A, an acidic glycoprotein, is involved in storage mechanisms for biogenic amines in endocrine cells...

..e. Chromogranin A (CgA), Neuron specific enolase (NSE) and Synaptophysin (Syn)...

..b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is a promising marker, but a thorough evaluation during follow-up is still lacking.

Plasma pancreastatin (PST) and GAWK, peptides processed from chromogranin A and B, were elevated in patients with various neuroendocrine tumors...

..b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is a member of the granin family and is widely distributed in neuroendocrine cells and particularly in ..

..Neuroendocrine (NE) cells are uncommon in primary adenocarcinoma (AC) and other glandular lesions of the bladder, with no recent study series concerning its significance in differential diagnosis, prognosis or biologic significance...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is an acidic glycoprotein co-stored in vesicles and co-released with catecholamines...

The prohormone chromogranin A is the major soluble component of secretory granules in chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla and in many other different endocrine cell types...

Catestatin is an active 21-residue peptide derived from the chromogranin A (CgA) precursor, and catestatin is secreted from neuroendocrine chromaffin cells as an autocrine regulator of nicotine-stimulated catecholamine release...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is present in high concentrations in enterochromaffin cells, where it is co-localised with serotonin in the storage granules...

..The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is the validated and recommended instrument to a correct evaluation and decision making in elderly patients...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA), a major protein of chromaffin granules, has been described as a potential marker for neuroendocrine tumours...

b>CgA is a tumor marker in NET's (neuroendocrine tumors) but different ranges of sensitivity and specificity according to the commercial assay kits used have been reported...

..Chlorogenic acid (CGA), an ester of caffeic acid with quinic acid, is one of the most abundant polyphenol compounds in various ..

b>Chromogranin A (CgA), the major soluble protein in chromaffin granules, is proteolytically processed to generate biologically active peptides including the catecholamine release inhibitory peptide catestatin...

..To observe the common characteristics of pathological morphology and immunohistochemical staining of olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), and to raise the diagnostic ability for ONB...

Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis (CGA), is a Gram-negative intracellular organism transmitted by ixodid ticks...

..project investigates novel interactions between the major secretory protein of catecholamine storage vesicles, chromogranin A (CgA), and the plasminogen/t-PA system, resulting in generation of active CgA peptide fragments which modulate ..

b>Chromogranin A: nicotinic signaling and desensitization. Nicotine is a component of tobacco that motivates continued abuse despite harmful effects...

..effects on re-synthesis convergent with (similar to) or divergent from that for its effects on secretion? Chromogranin A (CgA) is the major soluble protein in the core of catecholamine storage vesicles...

..are to obtain an understanding of the factors regulating the synthesis of dopamine- beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and chromogranin A (CgA) and their incorporation into chromaffin vesicles...

..with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), and correlate them with clinical markers via Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). Dr...

..We have identified that chromogranin A (Chga)-derived peptide, catestatin (CST), lowers blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) by inhibiting release ..

..The genes encoding the common alpha subunit (Cga) and the hormone-specific beta subunits (Lhb and Fshb) are coordinately regulated by hypothalamic gonadotropin-..

..Using tissues from our murine models, differentiation (intestinal alkaline phosphatase, muc2, chromogranin A, lysozyme) and stem cell marker expression (Lgr5, Lrig1, Ascl2, Olfm4, DcamKL1, Mshi1) will be determined by ..

..of the diffuse neuroendocrine system have storage secretory granules that ubiquitously contain the pro-hormone Chromogranin A (CHGA)...

..and adverse event monitoring and by Bayley neurodevelopmental assessments at 18 months corrected gestational age (CGA)...

..Recently we identified pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vasostatin-1 (a fragment of chromogranin A) as anti-angiogenic factors that are produced in wounds and likely to play a role in the regulation of wound ..

..We will use a panel of TCRs specific for two primary autoantigens of considerable interest, insulin (Ins) and chromogranin A (ChgA), that possess a very broad range of insulitogenic and diabetogenic potentials, novel mouse models and ..

..We anticipate that this assay will become an integral biomarker tool for evaluating response to new therapeutic strategies and for predicting outcome of children with high-risk neuroblastoma. ..

..This work has led to the recent discovery of a new autoantigen in T1D, the secretory granule protein, chromogranin A. The underlying hypothesis of this project is that the antigenic ligands for this panel of diabetogenic clones ..

..of this project is to use proteomics to investigate a post-translational modification that is associated with Chromogranin A, the recently discovered autoantigen for the diabetogenic CD4 T cell clone BDC-2.5...

..We demonstrate initial results over the Chromogranin A locus...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Derangements in the CHGA (chromogranin A) pathway are associated with hypertensive renal disease, a devastating illness found principally in African Americans...

b>Chromogranin A (CGA) is co-stored with catecholamines in chromaffin granules and co-released in response to sympathoadrenal stimulation...

..with advanced NSCLC showed that patients with neuroendocrine features (neuron-specific enolase, Leu-7 and chromogranin A) as measured by immunoperoxidase on paraffin-embedded tissue has an increased likelihood of response to ..

..organization of academic investigators - the Collaborative Group of the Americas for Inherited Colorectal Cancer (CGA-ICC). 3) Our team has an established track record of working with biotechnology and industry in cancer research...

b>Chromogranin A (CgA) is the major soluble protein stored in catecholamine storage vesicles in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerves. Its plasma concentration varies as a function of sympathoadrenal activation...

..Chromagranin A (CgA) is co-stored with peptide hormones in secretory granules of most endocrine and neuroendocrine cells...

..The objective of the current proposal is to investigate the relationship between the expression of expanded CGA repeats and the bioenergetic defects associated with Huntington's disease and activation of the mitochondrial ..

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chromogranin A (CHGA) is a 48 kDa acidic proprotein giving rise to biologically active peptides including a novel fragment (bovine CHGA344-364;human CHGA352-372) which we have discovered and called "..

..Interestingly, it has recently been determined that the major secretion product of neuroendocrine cells, chromogranin A, functions as a rate-limiting step in the biogenesis of secretory granules and regulated exocrine secretion...

..The chromogranins/secretogranins (chromogranin A [Cga]. Chromogranin B [Cgb]...

..pathway of hormone or neurotransmitter secretion has been documented, especially for its index member, chromogranin A (CgA)...

..Does the research address a current and compelling problem of antimicrobial resistance that is of high public health importance and for which research is needed? [yes]. ..

..This study provides an opportunity to address problems associatedwith intense short-term caregiving in this expanding population. ..

..Furthermore, these finding may permit development of components of raf-1 pathway as therapeutic targets in the treatment and palliation of NE tumors. ..

..Besides surgery, there are limited curative and palliative treatments available to patients with metastatic NE tumors, emphasizing the need for development of other forms of therapy. [unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable]..

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..The possibility that raf-l-mediated hormone suppression could be induced by a soluble factor would provide a plausible, therapeutic delivery method. ..

..NIH funds will be used to reimburse travel award recipients for the registration fee, campus lodging, awards banquet, and airfare. [unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable]..

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..The results of the above aims should provide useful information on the toxicity and tumorigenicity of 3-MeA and related DNA lesions, as well as how tumorigenicity can be avoided to afford improved and safer cancer chemotherapies. ..

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..In SICs and their metastases, the neuroendocrine marker chromogranin A (CgA);NAP1L1 (mitosis regulator);MAGE-D2 (liver metastatic predictor), and MTA1 (metastasis, migration), are ..

..It is feasible that fusion promoting factors, or the fusion products themselves, may be useful targets for preventing tumor progression. ..

..This work may also lead us to the discovery of a new class of therapeutic agents that can help overcome drug-resistant cancers. ..

..tuberculosis and granulomas may contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of persistence of M. tuberculosis that could lead to new tests to differentiate active TB from latent TB infection. ..

..These physiologically linked, target-tissue genes may themselves play a functional role in obesity resistance or susceptibility, and thus become excellent candidates for future investigation. ..

..This work will certainly add to our understanding of the functional mechanism of translation initiation of protein synthesis. ..

..This work may lead us to the discovery of a new family of chaperone proteins associated with ribosomes that are important in determining the folding of membrane proteins co-translationally. ..

..Additionally, this study will increase our understanding of how specific protein topological structures are related to transport functions in general. ..

..Because starvation conditions and the occurrence of a hungry codon may be frequent in nature, these phenomena are important to an understanding of translation and its control. ..

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..In addition, these studies may identify several potential targets for new chemotherapeutic agents or vaccine candidates. ..

..These findings will contribute to the development of new strategies to prevent the harmful maladaptive changes in catecholamine neurotransmission, while enhancing its beneficial adaptive aspects ..

..These proposed studies will directly examine the role of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling on maintenance of the stem cell niche and will shed insight into the regulatory control of intestinal stem cells. ..

..characterize the epidemiology of a recently identified clonal group of uropathogenic Escherichia coli designated as CgA. CgA refers to a set of multidrug-resistant E...

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..Therapeutic vaccines against TB is a major priority in TB control, and we have an opportunity to identify such products by a novel approach using a simple, inexpensive, and reproducible animal model. ..

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..In addition, we propose to identify genes that are regulated in the embryonic and early post-natal hippocampus by hypoglycemia, which we hope will offer insight into the mechanism(s) by which the hippocampus is damaged. ..

..A pre-operative determination of the neoplastic ECL cell gene expression relating to gastrin responsiveness will improve the rationale for therapeutic gastric or antral resection. ..

..We plan to use this system to identify the compartment(s) responsible for zymogen processing and to examine the ATP and calcium-dependent mechanism of activation. [unreadable] [unreadable] [unreadable]..

..These studies will determine if a signaling cascade is responsible for defining "stemness" or if a yet to be defined master regulator molecule directs synergy of the multiple pathways. ..

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..The proposed studies will clarify how neurotrophic factors and gene products they regulate support neuronal development and regeneration in the aging and injured nervous system. ..

..coil belonging to a single clonal group called CgA were responsible for 50% of drug-resistant UTI among women in a college campus...

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..Insights gained from this study will provide a biochemical framework for investigation of human endonuclease V-mediated repair pathway. ..

..A more complete understanding of the effector function of Th1 T cell subsets will help us design more specific approaches to T cell targeted immunotherapy. ..

..A growing body of evidence suggests that the catecholamine vesicle protein chromogranin A (or CgA) functions as a pro-hormone and is proteolytically cleaved into a dysglycemic peptide, named ..

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